The Double Burden of HIV/AIDS on Livelihoods in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

Akwa Ibom State consistently ranks among the Nigerian states with the highest burden of HIV/AIDS, facing the dual challenge of addressing a public health crisis while mitigating its profound impact on livelihoods (NACA Spectrum Estimates, 2024). This study critically examines how the spread of HIV/AIDS directly and indirectly erodes diverse aspects of livelihood, including financial and human assets, social support systems, and overall productivity. A mixed-methods approach was employed, combining quantitative economic indicators with qualitative insights from community leaders and healthcare providers. The findings reveal significant economic distress manifested in rising healthcare expenditures, asset depletion, and the loss of productive labour. The study also highlights adverse social consequences such as stigmatisation, weakened social capital, and disrupted educational attainment, underscoring the systemic nature of the epidemic's impact. The study recommends the formulation of policies aimed at strengthening resilience, enhancing social support systems, and promoting sustainable livelihoods for individuals and households affected by HIV/AIDS in the state.